hemoglobin test

                         

1. Objective:

The objective of the hemoglobin test was to measure the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood to assess oxygen-carrying capacity and screen for anemia or polycythemia.

2. Principle:

The test was based on converting hemoglobin into a stable form (e.g., cyanmethemoglobin or azide methemoglobin) and measuring its absorbance using a colorimeter or automated analyzer. The color intensity correlated with hemoglobin concentration.

3. Materials:

• EDTA-anticoagulated blood sample
• Hemoglobin reagent (e.g., Drabkin’s solution or automated kit)
• Test tubes or cuvettes

• Pipettes
• Colorimeter or hematology analyzer
• Gloves and lab safety items

4. Procedure (Microscopic/Spectrophotometric):

1. Blood was collected using standard phlebotomy techniques into an EDTA tube.
2. A fixed volume of blood was mixed with hemoglobin reagent.

1. The mixture was allowed to react for a set time (usually 5–10 minutes).
2. Absorbance was measured at 540 nm.
3. Hemoglobin concentration was calculated using a calibration curve or by the machine.

5. Result:

• Normal ranges:
• Men: 13.8 – 17.2 g/dL
• Women: 12.1 – 15.1 g/dL
• Children: 11 – 13 g/dL

• Low Hb: Indicates anemia
• High Hb: Indicates dehydration or polycythemia

6. Uses:

• Diagnose anemia and its severity
• Monitor chronic disease (e.g., kidney disease)

• Evaluate blood loss or hemolytic conditions
• Pre-operative assessment
• Monitor nutritional status

7. Consultation:

If abnormal, further tests were advised (e.g., complete blood count, iron studies, vitamin B12, folate). Physicians interpreted results in context of symptoms, medical history, and other lab findings.